When personal safety is on the line, lethal force isn’t always an option—but neither is being defenseless. That’s where Byrna non-lethal self-defense launchers come in. Unlike traditional firearms, Byrna launchers fire CO₂-powered kinetic, chemical, and pepper rounds to stop threats without the legal risks of a firearm.
But not all Byrna launchers are built the same. Some pack more power, some are compact for everyday carry, and others are budget-friendly for home defense.
In this guide, we break down the Byrna LE vs SD vs Mission 4 vs SE, what they do, and which one gives you the protection you need.
What is a Byrna Self-Defense Launcher?
A Byrna self-defense launcher is a CO₂-powered, non-lethal device designed to stop threats without deadly force. Unlike traditional firearms, Byrna launchers fire kinetic impact rounds, chemical irritants (like pepper spray), and tear gas projectiles to deter and incapacitate attackers from a safe distance.
These launchers are commonly used for home defense, personal safety, and law enforcement training, offering a safe alternative to firearms while still delivering stopping power comparable to traditional self-defense tools.
Byrna Le vs SD: Different Byrna Launchers Explained
Byrna offers several models of launchers, each designed for different self-defense and law enforcement needs. While they share the same CO₂-powered system, projectile compatibility, and purpose, they have key differences in performance, features, and intended use.
Feature | ||||
Magazine Capacity | 19+19 rounds (38 total) | 12+7 rounds (19 total) | 8 rounds | 5 rounds |
Muzzle Velocity | 325 FPS | 295 FPS | 330 FPS | 300 FPS |
Effective Range | 100 feet | 60 feet | 60 feet | 50 feet |
CO₂ Cartridge | 88g (high capacity) | 12g | 8g | 8g |
Best For | Home defense, security, property protection | Tactical training, security teams | EDC defense, duty use | Compact carry, personal defense |
The Mission 4 is the most powerful Byrna launcher available, offering the best stopping power, accuracy, and shot capacity. Here are all the models explained below:
The Byrna SD (formerly Byrna HD) is the most popular model and a go-to choice for civilians looking for a compact, reliable self-defense launcher.
Fires up to 60 feet with kinetic or chemical projectiles
Semi-automatic firing with a 5-round magazine
No permit required in most U.S. states
Compatible with Byrna MAX, Kinetic, and Pepper rounds
This model is perfect for home defense, personal carry, and travel, offering a balance of power and ease of use.
The Byrna LE is the most advanced model in Byrna’s lineup, designed for law enforcement professionals and serious self-defense users.
Higher muzzle velocity than the SD (up to 340 FPS vs. 300 FPS)
Increased accuracy and range with a more refined trigger pull
Improved grip and ergonomics for faster handling
Still a non-lethal alternative, but with more force behind each shot
For users who want the most power and accuracy, the Byrna LE is the best choice.
Unlike the Byrna SD or LE, which are compact pistol-style launchers, the Mission 4 is a full-sized rifle designed for maximum effectiveness.
Byrna’s most powerful and high-capacity launcher
19+19 round magazines (38 total)
100-foot effective range
Best for home and property defense
For those looking for a home defense solution with more tactical capability, the Byrna TCR offers:
Larger capacity magazines for extended engagement
Carbine-style ergonomics for greater stability and control
Upgraded CO₂ system for more consistent shot performance
This model is best for homeowners, security professionals, and those who want a more intimidating presence for deterring intruders.
How Does a Byrna Self-Defense Launcher Work?
Unlike traditional firearms that rely on gunpowder and bullets, Byrna launchers use compressed CO₂ cartridges to fire projectiles. These projectiles can be kinetic impact rounds, chemical irritant rounds, or training rounds, giving users flexibility in how they defend themselves.
The Mechanics of a Byrna Launcher
A Byrna launcher operates similarly to a semi-automatic pistol, but instead of firing bullets, it uses .68 caliber projectiles powered by a CO₂ cartridge. Here’s how it works:
1️⃣ Load a CO₂ Cartridge – Byrna launchers use 8-gram CO₂ cartridges that provide consistent shot power. Once punctured, a single cartridge can fire 15-25 rounds, depending on the model.
2️⃣ Insert a Magazine – Magazines hold 5 to 7 rounds, depending on the model. Users can load kinetic, pepper, or training rounds depending on the situation.
3️⃣ Pull the Trigger – When fired, the CO₂ gas rapidly expands, propelling the projectile at speeds of 220-340 feet per second (FPS). Higher FPS means more impact force.
4️⃣ Projectile Impact – The round strikes the target, either causing a painful kinetic impact or releasing a chemical irritant to incapacitate the attacker.
5️⃣ Reload & Repeat – Users can quickly reload spare magazines or swap CO₂ cartridges for continuous self-defense capability.
Types of Byrna Self-Defense Rounds
Byrna launchers stand out because they fire a variety of non-lethal ammunition. Different projectiles offer unique tactical advantages depending on the situation.
🟠Kinetic Rounds – Impact-Only, No Chemicals
Solid plastic balls designed to cause painful blunt-force impact
Effective for stopping an attacker without the use of chemicals
Legal for self-defense even in areas where chemical rounds are restricted
🔴 Byrna MAX Projectiles - A powerful gas & pepper spray combo
A combination of OC (Oleoresin Capsicum) pepper spray and CS tear gas
Causes instant burning in the eyes, nose, and lungs
Effects last 15-30 minutes, giving users time to escape
🟢 Byrna Pepper Rounds – Strong but Legal in More States
Contains only OC pepper irritant without CS tear gas
Legal in some areas where Byrna MAX rounds are restricted
Provides temporary blindness, breathing difficulty, and disorientation
🔵 Byrna Eco-Kinetic Rounds – Training & Practice
Biodegradable projectiles for safe outdoor training
Lower cost per round, making them ideal for practice
No chemical irritants, but still deliver a small impact
🏠 Byrna Pro Training Rounds – Inert & Reusable
Identical in weight and size to live rounds but contain no chemicals
Used for realistic self-defense training without cleanup
Perfect for practice drills and learning proper aim
Which Byrna Round is Right for You?
🔹 For home defense: Byrna MAX rounds provide the most stopping power.
🔹 For everyday carry: Pepper rounds give reliable defense without tear gas.
🔹 For training & accuracy practice: Eco-Kinetic or Pro Training rounds are ideal.
🔹 For legal restrictions: Kinetic rounds work even where chemical rounds are banned.
Must-Answer Questions for Byrna Self-Defense
1. Is the Byrna considered a firearm?
For USA
No, the Byrna is not classified as a firearm under U.S. federal law.
The ATF (Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives) has confirmed that Byrna launchers are not firearms because they do not use gunpowder, primers, or traditional ammunition. Instead, they rely on CO₂-powered projectiles.
This means no background check is required to purchase one, unlike a traditional handgun.
Some states and municipalities have restrictions on possession, transportation, or public carry, so check your local laws before use.
For Canada
In Canada, Byrna launchers are classified as firearms under the Canadian Criminal Code, but they are exempt from licensing requirements because their firing velocity remains below 500 feet per second (150 meters per second).
While Byrna launchers are technically legal to buy and own in Canada, Canadian law strictly prohibits carrying any weapon, including Byrna launchers, for the purpose of self-defense.
Unlike in the U.S., self-defense laws in Canada do not justify the proactive carrying of weapons, even non-lethal ones. Possession of a Byrna launcher is generally restricted to home defense, and carrying one in public—whether concealed or openly—can lead to serious legal consequences under weapons possession laws.
Moreover, intent matters under Canadian law. Even if an item is not technically prohibited, carrying it with the intent to use it as a weapon may violate Section 88 of the Criminal Code, which prohibits possession of a weapon for a dangerous purpose.
This applies to items like bear spray, tactical flashlights, and even everyday objects like canes, if carried with the intent of self-defense.
2. Do I need a permit or background check to own a Byrna?
No federal permit is required to own a Byrna launcher, but some state and local regulations apply.
California, New York, and Washington D.C. have specific restrictions that may require a special license or ban certain projectiles.
International buyers should also check local laws, as some countries classify CO₂-powered self-defense weapons as restricted devices.
3. Where can I legally carry my Byrna launcher?
In most U.S. states, Byrna launchers can be carried without a permit.
However, some states restrict carrying in public, especially if the launcher resembles a real firearm.
Schools, government buildings, and airports often prohibit Byrna devices.
International restrictions vary, with Canada, Australia, and parts of Europe banning CO₂-powered launchers entirely.
4. How should I maintain and store my Byrna launcher?
Store in a dry, temperature-controlled environment to prevent CO₂ cartridge leaks.
Check the launcher monthly for pressure loss or mechanical issues.
Clean the barrel and chamber after firing chemical projectiles to prevent residue buildup.
5. Are there any travel restrictions with a Byrna launcher?
Checked Baggage Only – Most airlines prohibit carrying Byrna launchers in carry-on luggage but may allow them in checked bags.
CO₂ Cartridges & Chemical Rounds Are Restricted – Airlines and international customs often prohibit pressurized gas cartridges and chemical projectiles.
State & Country Laws Differ – Some states ban launchers outright, while others allow possession but restrict transportation.
6. Is the Byrna launcher available in different colors?
Yes! Byrna launchers are available in multiple colors for legal compliance and personalization. Some states require less-lethal weapons to be distinguishable from firearms.
Black / Gray / Tan – Tactical, discreet appearance.
Safety Orange / Yellow – Reduces risk of misidentification by law enforcement.
7. Can I leave my Byrna loaded?
Yes, but CO₂ cartridges should not remain punctured for extended periods.
Byrna recommends replacing CO₂ cartridges every 6-12 months to ensure pressure retention.
Leaving a punctured CO₂ cartridge in for too long can lead to leaks and reduced performance.
💡 Pro Tip: Keep an extra unpunctured CO₂ cartridge in your bag or holster for quick swaps.
8. How long will a CO₂ cartridge last in a Byrna?
Unpunctured: Can last years if stored properly.
Once punctured: A CO₂ cartridge holds pressure for 24-48 hours, after which it may leak.
After firing: A full CO₂ cartridge lasts for 15-20 shots before needing replacement.
9. What is the most powerful Byrna gun?
The Byrna LE (Law Enforcement Edition) is the most powerful model, firing at 350 FPS—higher than the standard SD model.
It also holds 7 rounds per magazine, compared to 5 rounds in other models.
Designed for maximum stopping power and accuracy in self-defense situations.
Final Thoughts on Byrna Self-Defense
Byrna launchers provide an effective, non-lethal self-defense option without the legal complexities of firearms. Whether you choose the Byrna SD, LE, EP, or TCR, you get reliable personal protection with the ability to deter attackers at a safe distance.
✅ For maximum stopping power: Byrna LE + Byrna MAX projectiles.
✅ For budget-friendly defense: Byrna SD with standard kinetic rounds.
✅ For tactical use: Byrna TCR with high-capacity magazines.
Before purchasing, always check local laws and train with your Byrna launcher to be fully prepared for self-defense situations.
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